fw2.2:トマトの果実の大きさの進化の鍵となる定量的な特徴の位置
A Frary1, T C Nesbitt, S Grandillo
1Department of Plant Breeding and Department of Plant Biology, 252 Emerson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 7, 2000
まとめ
fw2.2遺伝子であるORFXは,花の発達初期にカーペル細胞数を制御することによって,トマトの果実のサイズに大きな影響を与える. 植え付けは,より大きな果実を得るために,タンパク質の変異ではなく,ORFXの規制の変更を伴う可能性が高い.
科学分野:
- 植物遺伝学 植物遺伝学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 植物の家畜化は,しばしば果実の大きさの増加につながります.
- 定量的な特徴の場所 (QTL) fw2.2は,家畜化中にトマトの果実のサイズ増加の重要な要因です.
研究 の 目的:
- fw2.2 QTL効果に起因する特定の遺伝子を特定する.
- この遺伝子がトマトの果実のサイズに影響を与えるメカニズムを理解するために.
主な方法:
- fw2.2地域のコスミッドの変容により,大きな果実のトマトの栽培品種となった.
- 花の発達中の遺伝子発現の分析.
- 特定された遺伝子の配列分析.
- 人間の腫瘍遺伝子の配列と比較.
主要な成果:
- 単一の遺伝子であるORFXが,fw2.2 QTL効果の原因として特定されました.
- ORFXは花の発達初期に発現し,カーペルの細胞数を制御する.
- ORFX配列はヒトの腫瘍遺伝子c-H-ras p21と類似している.
- fw2.2地域との変換により,予想通り果実のサイズが減った.
結論:
- fw2.2 QTL効果は主にORFX遺伝子による.
- 果実のサイズの変化は,タンパク質配列ではなく,遺伝子調節の変化によって引き起こされる可能性が高い.
- ORFXは果実の発達と家畜化において重要な役割を果たしています.
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