言語の樹は,オーストラリアネシアの拡大の急行列の配列を支えている
1Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand. rd.gray@auckland.ac.nz
Nature
|July 13, 2000
まとめ
生物学で一般的に使用される系統遺伝的方法は,77のオーストラリア言語に適用されました. この分析は,太平洋を横断するアウストロネシアの拡大の"急行列車"モデルを支持した.
科学分野:
- コンピューティング言語学
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 考古学考古学とは
背景:
- 言語的進化は生物学的進化に並行しており,共通の祖先と融合進化のような概念は両方に当てはまる.
- 生物学で広く用いられている系統遺伝的方法は,言語学的データにはほとんど適用されていない.
- オストロネシアの拡大を理解することは,太平洋の歴史にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 進化論的分析のための言語データに系統遺伝的方法を適用する.
- アウストロネシアの拡大の"急行列車"と"絡み合った銀行"モデルをテストする.
- オーストリアネシア語を話す人々の歴史的な移住パターンを再構築する.
主な方法:
- 77のアウストロネシア語のデータセットを精密分析した.
- データセットには5,185の語彙項目が含まれていた.
- "急行列車"モデルは,地理的な文字として,得られた言語の樹にマッピングされました.
主要な成果:
- 分析により,言語的関係を表現する単一の,最も節約的なツリーが得られました.
- 生成された言語ツリートポロジーは",急行列車"モデルと高度な互換性を示した.
- これは,順番的で地理的に秩序付けられた移住パターンを示唆しています.
結論:
- 系統遺伝分析は,言語の進化と歴史的移住を研究するための有効な方法である.
- この発見は,オーストラリアの拡大の"急行列車"モデルを強く支持しています.
- この研究は,太平洋の定住に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
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