21世紀における中国の森林政策
1Center for Natural Forest Conservation and Management, State Forestry Administration (SFA), Beijing 100714, P. R. China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 15, 2000
まとめ
中国の新しい自然林保全プログラム (NFCP) は,自然林の拡大と持続可能な管理を促進することによって,過去の搾取に対処しています. この政策は,生物多様性を回復させ,土壌浸食を防止し,様々な保全ツールを通じて洪水を軽減することを目的としています.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 林業 林業 林業 林業 林業
- 保護政策 保護政策
背景:
- 何十年にもわたる中国の森林伐採と単一栽培は,生物多様性の損失,土壌浸食,洪水などの深刻な環境破壊を引き起こしました.
- 以前の森林管理の慣行は,景観の劣化と生態学的不均衡をもたらした.
研究 の 目的:
- 中国における自然林保全プログラム (NFCP) を導入し,分析する.
- 持続可能な森林管理と生物多様性の保全のためのプログラムの戦略を強調する.
- NFCPの政策ツールの潜在的より広範な適用性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 地元に焦点を当てた管理戦略の実施.
- 政策手段の組み合わせを採用する:技術訓練,土地利用計画,農地改造,森林住民の統合,私有所有権のシェア,研究拡大.
- 自然林の拡大とプランテーションの生産性の向上に焦点を当てます.
主要な成果:
- NFCPは,生物多様性と森林資源の維持を目的としています.
- 下流地域の洪水に対する保護の改善は,重要な目標です.
- この政策は,生態系の回復と地域社会の関与のための革新的なツールを導入します.
結論:
- NFCPは,中国における持続可能な森林管理への大きな転換を表しています.
- プログラムの総合的なアプローチは,生態学的回復と洪水緩和のモデルを提供します.
- NFCPが採用している政策のツールは,同様の環境課題に直面している開発途上国にとって関連性があるかもしれません.
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