訓練されたアスリートにおける異常な心電図パターンの臨床的意義
A Pelliccia1, B J Maron, F Culasso
1Institute of Sports Science, Department of Medicine, Italian National Olympic Committee, Rome, Italy. ISS_Medicina@coni.it
Circulation
|July 19, 2000
まとめ
ほとんどのアスリートは,ECGが正常またはわずかに変化している. しかし,40%は異常なパターンを示し,しばしば生理学的心改造によるものですが,小さなグループは,心臓の構造的な変化なしにECGに関することがあります.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- スポーツ医学 スポーツ医学
- 運動生理学 運動生理学
背景:
- 訓練されたアスリートにおける異常な心電図 (ECG) パターンの流行と重要性については,十分に理解されていません.
- これらのEKGの発見の原因と影響を決定することは,正確なアスリート評価に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 訓練されたアスリートの大規模なコホートにおける異常なEKGパターンの有病率,臨床的意義,および決定因子を調査する.
- ECGの発見をエコーカルディオグラフィで評価された心臓の形態学と比較する.
主な方法:
- 38種類のスポーツで1005人のアスリートで,心電図のパターンをエコーカルディオグラフィの心臓形態学と比較した.
- 性別,年齢,スポーツの分野に関連したEKGの異常を分析した.
主要な成果:
- スポーツ選手の14%は明らかに異常なEKG,26%は軽度な異常,60%は正常/軽微な変化を示した.
- 異常なEKGは,より大きな心臓の大きさ,男性性,年齢の低さ,および耐久性スポーツと相関しています.
- 小さなサブセット (5%) は,構造的な心臓異常のない奇妙なEKGパターンを示した.
結論:
- ほとんどのアスリート (60%) は正常または軽微なEKGの変化があり,40%は生理学的心臓再構成を示すパターンを示しています.
- ECGの異常が顕著だが,構造的な変化がない小さなグループは",アスリート心筋症候群"または偽陽性を示す可能性がある.
- スポーツ選手の異常なECGは,参加準備スクリーニングの制限となり,病気ではなく良性的な適応を潜在的に示す可能性があります.
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