トロンブス阻害のために血管形成手術を受ける患者をターゲットに:費用対効果と意思決定支援モデル
W S Weintraub1, T D Thompson, S Culler
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. bill@hp3.eushc.org
Circulation
|July 25, 2000
まとめ
グリコプロテインIIb/IIIa阻害剤は,高リスク患者の血管新生手術後の有害事象を効果的に予防します. 標的型抗血小板治療は,合併症の可能性が高い患者に費用対効果が高くなります.
科学分野:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
- 介入性心臓病学 介入性心臓病学
背景:
- グリコプロテインIIb/IIIa阻害剤は,高リスクの個体において,血管形成後の有害事象の予防に有効性を示しています.
- これらの患者にとって,抗血小板治療の選択の費用対効果は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 冠動脈介入後の標的型抗血小板療法選択の費用対効果を評価する.
- グリコプロテインIIb/IIIa阻害剤療法から最も恩恵を受ける患者のサブグループを特定する.
主な方法:
- 1993年から1995年にかけて,冠動脈手術を受けた4962人の患者 (n=6062) の分析.
- 有害事象 (死亡,心筋梗塞,再血管化) を予測するための多変数モデルの開発.
- >5%のイベント確率を有する患者を対象とした治療に基づく費用対効果分析.
主要な成果:
- >5%のイベント確率を有する患者に標的治療を行うことで,合併症は6.39%から5.37%に減少しました.
- この戦略により,患者"人につき261ドルでコストが増加し,予防されたイベント"人につき25,504ドルとなった.
- 患者の選択基準を広げると,予防されたイベントあたりの限界コストが著しく増加しました.
結論:
- 抗血小板治療は,血管新生手術を受ける高リスクの患者にコスト削減をもたらす可能性があります.
- 低リスク患者の場合,治療は費用対効果が低い可能性が高い.
- 中級リスクの患者 (5-7%のイベント確率は) の有害事象を予防することは許容される可能性があります.
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