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米国医学部の教育プログラム,1999年~2000年
B Barzansky1, H S Jonas, S I Etzel
1Division of Undergraduate Medical Education, American Medical Association, 515 N State St, Chicago, IL 60610, USA.
JAMA
|September 7, 2000
まとめ
医学部の教員数は1999年から2000年にかけて増加したが,応募者数は減少した. 現在,より多くの学校が,卒業のためのUS Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) のステップ1と2を要求しており,臨床評価の使用が多様化しています.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 医療労働力分析 分析
背景:
- 医学教育連絡委員会 (LCME) の医学学校年次アンケートには,米国の医学部に関する包括的なデータが含まれています.
- 教員,学生の人口統計,カリキュラム,評価の動向を理解することは,医療教育の質にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 1999~2000学年における米国における医学教育プログラムの現状を提示する.
- 教員数,学生応募人数,多様性,カリキュラム,評価方法の変化を分析する.
主な方法:
- 1999-2000年のLCME年次医学部アンケートデータ (100%の回答率) の分析.
- 総合的な概要を得るため,他の関連する情報源からのデータを含める.
- 1999~2000年のデータと前年 (1998~1999) のデータを比較して,動向を特定した.
主要な成果:
- フルタイムの教員数は4.3%増加して102,446人となり,臨床教員は5%増加し,基礎科学教員は<0.5%増加しました.
- 医学部に入学希望者は6%減少して38,529人に減少した. 1年生は45.8%が女性,12.1%が少数派だった.
- 70の学校 (56%) は,進学/卒業のためにUS Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) のステップ1と2に合格することを要求しており,1998~1999年の50%から増加しています. 客観的な構造化された臨床試験 (OSCE) の使用は著しく変化した.
結論:
- 医療教育プログラムには,新しいコンテンツ (例えば,代替医療) と指導方法 (例えば,コンピュータベースの学習) が組み込まれています.
- 医学生の進歩のためにUSMLEステップ1と2を要求する傾向が高まっている.
- 標準化された臨床パフォーマンスの評価方法は,各機関で一貫性がないまま実施されています.
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