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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

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Continuous Hydrologic and Water Quality Monitoring of Vernal Ponds
Published on: November 13, 2017
北半球における湖と川の氷の覆いの歴史的傾向
1Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, WI 53562, USA. Department of Forestry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Unive.
まとめ
湖や川の氷の凍結日は遅くなっており,北半球では解凍日は早くなっています. この傾向は,過去150年間で気温が著しく上昇したことを示している.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 水文学 水文学とは
背景:
- 湖と川の氷の現象 (凍結と断裂の日付) は,気候変動の敏感な指標である.
- 氷の覆いに関する歴史的データは,貴重な長期的な気候記録を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 北半球における湖と川の氷の凍結と解凍の日付の長期的な傾向を分析する.
- 氷の現象学的変化と空気の気温変動の関係を定量化するために.
- 氷の凍結と断裂の日付の変動の変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- 北半球の湖や川の氷の凍結と断裂に関する歴史的な記録を分析し,1846年から1995年にかけての北半球の湖や川の凍結と断裂を分析した.
- 凍結および解散の日付の動向を決定するための統計分析.
- 氷の現象学的変化と気温データを関連付けるための相関分析.
主要な成果:
- 1846年から1995年にかけて観察された後期凍結 (平均5.8日/100年) と早期解凍 (平均6.5日/100年) の一貫した傾向が見られる.
- これらの変化は,100年に約1.2°Cの気温上昇と一致します.
- 凍結と解散の両方の日付の年次変動の増加は,1950年以来観察されています.
- より長い時間系列は,氷の覆いが減ったことを示し,温暖化傾向は,おそらく16世紀から始まり,1850年以降は変化が加速した.
結論:
- 湖と川の氷の現象学データは,北半球における重要な温暖化傾向の有力な証拠を提供します.
- 氷の凍結と分裂の日付の観測された変化は,淡水生態系と気候モデリングに直接的な影響を及ぼします.
- 氷の現象の継続的なモニタリングは,将来の気候変動の影響を理解し,予測するために不可欠です.
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