水素結合ペアの協同堆積による螺旋型の自己組み立てポリマーです
J H Hirschberg1, L Brunsveld, A Ramzi
1Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Dutch Polymer Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.
Nature
|September 23, 2000
まとめ
研究者は,非共性相互作用を使用してキラルポリマーを作成するための新しい戦略を開発しました. この方法により,水性または有機溶媒におけるヘリシティと鎖の長さを制御することができ,以前の安定性の課題を克服します.
科学分野:
- 超分子化学 超分子化学
- ポリマーサイエンスの科学
- 有機化学 オーガニック・ケミストリー
背景:
- DNAのダブルヘリクスは,水素結合と水害性相互作用を通じて,キラル構造に自己組み立てられることを示しています.
- 非共性相互作用を用いた安定した水溶性キラルアセンブリの設計は,溶媒の干渉により,依然として困難である.
- 超分子キラリティを誘発するための既存の方法は,しばしば周辺のキラルセンターまたはポリマー背骨に依存します.
研究 の 目的:
- 非共振的に結合されたキラルポリマー構造の作成のための一般的な戦略を開発する.
- 水または有機溶媒で形成された組み立てで制御されたヘリシティと鎖の長さを達成するために.
- キラルアセンブリ形成のための水素結合における溶媒競争の限界を克服するために.
主な方法:
- ユーレイドトリアジン基の機能化されたモノマー単体の設計.
- 自補四重水素結合を用いて二分化.
- ソルボフォビックに誘発されたダイマーのスタッキングをコラムアーキテクチャに採用します.
- 外部溶解性側鎖を改変することによってヘリシティと構造を調節する.
主要な成果:
- 制御されたヘリシティと鎖の長さを持つ非共性結合のポリマー構造の成功形成.
- 水性溶剤とアルカン溶剤の両方で組み立てられることが実証されています.
- 非共振相互作用を合理的に利用することによって水中の安定性を達成した.
- サイドチェーンの修正が構造的性質を決定する調節可能なシステムを確立しました.
結論:
- 提案された戦略は,水に安定したキラル型上分子ポリマーを合理的に設計するための一般的なアプローチを提供します.
- ureidotriazineベースのモノメアは,制御された自己組み立てのための汎用的なプラットフォームを提供します.
- この研究は,非共性相互作用を通じて複雑なキラルアーキテクチャを設計する能力を向上させます.
関連する概念動画
01:24Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
01:17Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
01:03Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
02:34Polymers
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
01:00Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers
Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...