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Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection
Published on: December 4, 2010
タンパク質Alyはメッセンジャー前RNAのスプレッシングをメタゾーンにおける核輸出と結びつける
1Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|October 3, 2000
まとめ
スプライシングはメタゾーンにおけるメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) 輸出を強化する. タンパク質Alyは,スプライスされたmRNAを結合することにより,これらのプロセスを結びつけ,核から細胞質への効率的な輸送を促進します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- メタゾアンの前伝達 RNA (前mRNA) には,スプライシングで除去されたイントロンが含まれています.
- スプライスされたmRNAは,核から細胞プラズマに輸出される.
- スプライシングとmRNAエクスポートを結びつけるメカニズムは現在不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- mRNA前スプライシングとmRNA輸出を結びつけるメカニズムを調査する.
- この2つの重要な細胞過程を結びつけるのに関与する要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 異なるメッセンジャーリボヌクレオプロテイン (mRNP) コンプレックスに対するAlyタンパク質のリクルートメントアッセイ.
- スプライスされたおよびスプライスされていないmRNAsとのAlyタンパク質関連性の分析.
- Alyシャトリングの調査と,そのmRNAの輸出率への影響 in vivo.
- スプライシング因子によるAlyの共同局所化研究.
主要な成果:
- イーストmRNA輸出因子Yralpの同型であるAlyは,スプライスされたmRNPに特異的に採用されます.
- Alyは,intronless mRNAまたは異質な核RNP (hnRNP) コンプレックスからのmRNPと結合しません.
- Alyは,スプライソーム組立中に採用され,スプライスされたmRNPと緊密に関連しています.
- Alyは核と細胞質の間をシャトルし,その過剰発現はmRNAの輸出率と効率を高めます.
- Alyは核接合因子と共局所化し,接合に依存する採用を確認しています.
結論:
- スプライシングは,メタゾーンにおける効率的なmRNAエクスポートに不可欠である.
- タンパク質Alyは,スプライシング機構とmRNA輸出経路の間の重要なリンクとして機能します.
- スプライスされたmRNPへのAlyの採用は,その後のサイトプラズマへのエクスポートを容易にする.
関連する概念動画
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
Nuclear Export
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

