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イーストのプリオンは,遺伝的多様性と現象的多様性のためのメカニズムを提供します

H L True¹, S L Lindquist

¹Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

|October 12, 2000

まとめ

サッカロマイセス・セレヴィセア・プリオン [PSI+]は,表遺伝的変形剤であり,隠された遺伝的多様性を明らかにし,ユニークな遺伝的表型を生成します. このメカニズムは,酵母が新しい特徴を明らかにすることによって,環境の変化に適応するのを助けます.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
遺伝学遺伝学とは
イースト生物学イースト生物学

背景:

新しい特徴には,多くの場合,複数の遺伝的変化が必要ですが,選択的圧力により個々の変化が失われることがあります.
酵母生物学のSaccharomyces cerevisiaeプリオン [PSI+]の役割は,以前は不明でした.

研究の目的:

Saccharomyces cerevisiaeプリオン [PSI+]が遺伝的多様性を発見し,遺伝的表型を生成することへの影響を調査する.
[PSI+]が変動する環境における酵母菌の適応にどのように影響するかを理解する.

主な方法:

[PSI+]プリオンを使用したSaccharomyces cerevisiaeモデルを使用した.
遺伝的背景と結果として生じる現象型を分析した.
[PSI+]の表遺伝子遺伝と転移性特性を研究した.

主要な成果:

[PSI+]は,隠された遺伝的多様性を明らかにすることが示されました.
[PSI+]は,7つの異なる遺伝的背景にわたるユニークな遺伝的現象型を生成しました.
[PSI+]の表遺伝的性質は,以前に中立だった遺伝的変異の発現を可能にします.

結論:

[PSI+]は,中性遺伝的変異を非中性状態に変換することによって,新しい特徴の進化を促進します.
[PSI+]の表遺伝的および転移性遺伝は,酵母がダイナミックな環境に適応するために遺伝的多様性を利用することを可能にします.

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