有害な突然変異と性別の進化

P D Keightley¹, A Eyre-Walker

¹Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. p.keightley@ed.ac.uk

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 13, 2000

まとめ

性繁殖は有害な変異を排除することによって維持できない. 研究によると,短世代の種では突然変異率が低いことが示され,性別がゲノムの健康に不可欠であるという仮説に異議を唱える.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
遺伝学遺伝学とは

背景:

性繁殖の進化上の優位性は議論されている.
重要な仮説は,性行為が有害な突然変異を排除することを示唆している.

研究の目的:

有害な突然変異の負荷を減らすことによって性繁殖が維持されるかどうかをテストする.
動物分類におけるゲノム変異率を推定する.

主な方法:

タンパク質をコードする遺伝子のゲノム点変異率を推定する.
多様な動物種における世代時間に関連した突然変異率の分析.

主要な成果:

変異率 (U) と生成時間との間に正の線形関係が見られた.
世代が短い種では,Uは1未満と予測されています.

結論:

有害な突然変異を排除するためにセックスが維持されるという仮説は,挑戦されています.
短世代種の低変異率は,性繁殖を維持するための代替説明を示唆しています.

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