鶏のエピブラストにおける組織化された軸構造の溶性因子による誘導
1Zoology Department, the Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 2, 1990
まとめ
Xenopus XTC細胞からの溶解因子は,鶏のエピブラストにおける胚軸形成を誘導し,真の形態原体として作用します. この発見は,初期の胚の発達と極性における細胞外信号の潜在能力を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 胚軸の発達は,初期胚形成の根本的なプロセスである.
- 初期胚のパターンを構成する誘導信号を理解することは,発達生物学にとって極めて重要です.
- 以前の研究では,胚のパターン形成に関与する様々なシグナル伝達経路を調査した.
研究 の 目的:
- 胚の軸形成を誘発する溶解性因子の役割を調査する.
- クセノプスXTC細胞からの条件付け媒体が,鶏のエピブラストで軸のパターンを誘発できるかどうかを判断する.
- 胚軸の組織化された複合構造を誘発できる特定の溶解性因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- 孤立したチキのエピブラストを用いた新しい測定法の開発.
- クセノプスXTC細胞系から派生した条件付け媒体のチキンエピブラストの培養.
- FGF,EGF,レチノ酸,TGF-βイソフォームを含む様々な成長因子の誘導能力をテストする.
主要な成果:
- Xenopus XTC細胞からの条件付け媒体は,完全なノトコルドの形成を成功裏に誘導しました.
- 同じ条件付けされた媒体は,双方向対称ソミットの発展を促した.
- テストされた成長因子 (FGF,EGF,レチノ酸,TGF-β1,TGF-β2) は軸構造を誘導しませんでした.
結論:
- 条件付けされた介質に存在する溶解性の要因は,先頭葉細胞内の極性の発展を誘発する可能性があります.
- これらの溶解性因子は,複雑な胚構造を誘発できる真の形態原体として機能します.
- この研究は,胚軸の確立における細胞外信号伝達の重要な役割を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
01:09Cell Migration
Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
01:10The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells
Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They are held...
01:39Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
01:16Cell Motility through Blebbing
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
01:32Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
01:13Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...