明らかにメタンの無酸素酸化を媒介する海洋微生物のコンソーシアム
A Boetius1, K Ravenschlag, C J Schubert
1Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany. aboetius@mpi-bremen.de
Nature
|October 18, 2000
まとめ
メタンの無酸素酸化に起因する微生物が特定されました. これらのアーカイアと硫酸塩を減少させる細菌は,構造的なコンソーシアムを形成し,海洋堆積物におけるメタンの変換を媒介する.
科学分野:
- マリン・マイクロバイオロジー
- 地質化学 地質化学
- バイオジオケミカルサイクルとは
背景:
- 海洋沈殿物はメタンの主要なシンクであり,無酸素酸化によってCO2に変換されます.
- 地化学的証拠はメタンの消費を確認しているが,媒介する微生物は未だに特定されていない.
- メタンの無酸素酸化 (AOM) の経路は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- メタンの無酸素酸化を媒介する微生物の顕微鏡の証拠を提供するために.
- AOMにおけるアーカイアとバクテリアの共生関係を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 特定の16S rRNAを標的としたオリゴヌクレオチドプローブを用いた光 in situ ハイブリダイゼーション (FISH) です.
- 海洋沈殿物のアーカイアル-バクテリアコンソーシアムの顕微鏡分析.
主要な成果:
- アーカイアと硫酸塩を減少させる細菌の構造化されたコンソーシアムを特定しました.
- 硫酸塩を還元する細菌に囲まれた密集した集積物で観察された古生物.
- これらのコンソーシアムは,高メタンベースの硫酸塩還元率を有する,ガス水素豊富な堆積物で豊富に見られました.
結論:
- 特定されたアーカイアル-バクテリアの共生は,明らかにメタンの無酸素酸化を媒介する.
- この構造化コンソーシアムは,海洋メタンのサイクルにおける重要な役割を果たしています.
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