手の衛生の遵守を改善するための病院全体のプログラムの有効性. 感染症対策プログラム
D Pittet1, S Hugonnet, S Harbarth
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva Hospitals, and Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland. didier.pittet@hcuge.ch
Lancet (London, England)
|November 10, 2000
まとめ
病院全域のキャンペーンが実施された後,病院の手衛生の遵守が著しく改善され,感染が少なく,メチチリン耐性黄金球菌 (MRSA) 感染が減少しました. ベッドサイドのアルコールベースのハンドラッシュは,この成功の鍵でした.
科学分野:
- ヘルスケア関連感染症とは
- 感染症対策は,感染を抑制するものです.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 病院における手指衛生の不適切な遵守は,交叉感染に寄与する.
- ベッドサイドでのアルコールベースの手消毒に焦点を当てた病院全体のプログラムが実施されました.
- ノソコミアル感染症は,プログラムの影響を評価するために同時にモニタリングされました.
研究 の 目的:
- 病院環境における手衛生の遵守を促進する.
- 手の衛生キャンペーンが病院内感染率に与える影響を評価する.
- ベッドサイドのアルコールを用いた手消毒が,規制の遵守を改善する上で果たす役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- 3年間 (1994年から1997年) にわたり,患者さんの日常的なケア中に手指衛生の遵守に関する観察調査を実施しました.
- ノソコミアル感染率,メチチリン耐性黄金球菌 (MRSA) 感染率,手洗浄剤の消費をモニタリングした.
- 統計分析を用いて,観察された変化の重要性を判断した.
主要な成果:
- 手の消毒剤の使用の増加により,手衛生の遵守率は48%から66% (p<0.001) に増加した.
- 整体的に,病院内感染症の罹患率は16.9%から9.9% (p=0.04) に減少した.
- MRSAの感染率は10,000患者日あたり2.16〜0.93エピソード (p<0.001) で著しく低下し,アルコールベースの手洗い消費が増加した.
結論:
- 全病院規模のキャンペーンは,持続的な手衛生遵守を改善することに成功しました.
- ノソコミアル感染症とMRSA感染の減少は,改善された手衛生と相関しています.
- ベッドサイドの消毒剤を使った手洗い剤の普及は,従順性を高める重要な要因でした.
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