インターリューキン21とその受容体はNK細胞の膨張とリンパ球機能の調節に関与しています
J Parrish-Novak1, S R Dillon, A Nelson
1Department of Functional Cloning, ZymoGenetics, Inc., Seattle, Washington 98102, USA.
Nature
|November 18, 2000
まとめ
研究者らは,免疫細胞の発達に不可欠な新しいサイトカインであるインタールイウキン-21 (IL21) を発見した. IL21とその受容体 (IL21 R) は,自然殺虫細胞,B細胞,T細胞の増殖と成熟に役割を果たし,免疫反応に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- サイトカインは血液形成と免疫反応を調節し,リンパ球の発達に影響を与えます.
- リンパ性組織で選択的に発現する新しいクラスIのサイトカイン受容体が特定されました.
- この受容体は信号伝達能力があり,機能的測定を可能にします.
研究 の 目的:
- 免疫調節に関与する新しいサイトカインとその対応する受容体を特定し,特徴づけること.
- リガンド検出とサイトカインのクローン化のための機能的測定法を作成する.
- リンパ球の増殖と成熟における新型サイトカインの役割を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- BaF3細胞における全長クラスI型サイトカイン受容体の発現により,機能的測定法を作成する.
- アクティブ化されたヒトCD3+T細胞からの条件付き媒体を利用して,アッセイ細胞系増殖を支援する.
- 機能的なクローニングのための活性化されたヒトCD3+T細胞から補完的なDNA発現ライブラリの構築.
- 特定されたサイトカインが様々な免疫細胞集団に及ぼす影響を評価するためのインビトロアッセイ.
主要な成果:
- 4ヘリックスバンドルの構造を持つ,インタールイウキン-21 (IL21) と指定された新しいサイトカインの特定.
- IL21受容体 (IL21 R) と呼ばれる対応受容体の識別.
- IL21は,自然殺人者 (NK) 細胞の増殖と成熟における役割を実証しました.
- IL21は成熟したB細胞 (抗CD40と共刺激) とT細胞 (抗CD3と共刺激) の増殖を支えた.
結論:
- 新しいサイトカイン,IL21,その受容体,IL21 Rが特定され,サイトカインシグナル伝達に関する理解が拡大されました.
- IL21は,NK,B,T細胞を含む主要な免疫細胞の増殖と成熟に関与しています.
- IL21とIL21Rの発見は,免疫応答を調節し,血液形成を理解するための新しい標的を提供します.
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