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脊椎動物の尾筋の進化的起源について
1Comparative and Developmental Genetics Section, Medical Research Council, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Nature
|November 18, 2000
まとめ
テトラポッドの四肢の筋肉は,ゼブラフィッシュのに似た移動細胞から進化したのであり,ドッグフィッシュの直接的な拡張からではない. これは,四肢の筋肉形成の遺伝的基礎が,サルコプテリギアンの放射線より前のものであることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 比較解剖学の比較解剖学について
背景:
- 陸上の四足類は,ほとんどの魚が軸筋を使うように,四肢の筋肉を使って新しい運動戦略を進化させた.
- 化石記録は四足類の尾骨格の進化を詳細に記述しているが,四肢の筋肉の起源は記載していない.
研究 の 目的:
- 現存する魚種におけるの筋肉の発達起源を調査する.
- これらの起源をテトラポッドの四肢筋肉の既知の発達と比較する.
- テトラポッドの四肢の筋肉形成を制御する遺伝的メカニズムの進化のタイミングを推論する.
主な方法:
- ゼブラフィッシュ (テレオスト) とドッグフィッシュ (コンドリクシアン) の胚における筋発達の比較分析.
- 筋肉前駆細胞の細胞起源と形態遺伝経路の検討.
主要な成果:
- ゼブラフィッシュのの筋肉は,移動性メゼンキマ前駆細胞から生まれ,四肢肢の筋肉前駆細胞と分子および形態遺伝的特性を共有しています.
- ドッグフィッシュの胚は,より原始的なメカニズムである直接の上皮のソミティック拡張を通して,の筋肉を発達させる.
結論:
- テトラポッドの四肢の筋肉形成の遺伝的メカニズムは,おそらくサルコプテリジアンの放射線より前に進化した.
- この発見は,羽根から肢体の発達への進化的移行に光を当てています.
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