機能空間を通してオブジェクトを追跡する

E Blaser¹, Z W Pylyshyn, A O Holcombe

¹Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA. blaser@ruccs.rutgers.edu

Nature

|November 23, 2000

まとめ

視覚的注意は,場所だけでなく,変化する外観によって静止しているオブジェクトを追跡することができます. これは,注意が特定の視覚的オブジェクトを,その特徴の軌道に基づいて選択することを示しています.

科学分野:

認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
神経科学は神経科学である.
視覚的知覚視覚的知覚

背景:

視覚的注意は,視覚情報の選択的処理を可能にします.
トラッキングタスクは,ターゲットを注意をそらすものから区別するために,通常,空間的軌道に依存します.
既存の理論は,注意が場所,特徴,またはオブジェクトを選択するかどうかについて議論しています.

研究の目的:

視覚的注意が,変化する外観に基づいて静止しているアイテムを追跡できるかどうかを調査する.
注意が"特徴空間"の特徴軌跡によって定義されたオブジェクトを選択できるかどうかを判断する.
視覚的注意の競合する理論をテストするために.

主な方法:

静止したターゲットと注意をそらすことのできるものによる追跡作業を含む精神物理実験.
色,方向,空間周波数の変化を通じて標的の外観を操作する.
特徴の軌道を基に標的を区別する観察者のパフォーマンスを分析する.

主要な成果:

観測者は,その変化する外観 (特徴の軌跡) によってのみ,静止している物体を成功裏に追跡することができます.
この追跡は,ディストラクタが同じ空間位置を共有している場合でも可能です.
結果は,オブジェクトベースの注意の選択理論を支持しています.

結論:

注意は,単に空間的な位置や個々の特徴ではなく,特定の視覚的なオブジェクトを選択することができます.
"ビジュアルオブジェクト"の概念は,定義された"フェチュロタイムラル"軌道を持つアイテムを含むように拡張できます.
この発見は,視覚的注意とオブジェクト表現のメカニズムを理解するための意味を持つ.

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