関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

09:29
In Vitro Generation of Heart Field-specific Cardiac Progenitor Cells
Published on: July 3, 2019
まとめ
健康な個体における第2の心臓音の生理学的分裂は,インスピレーション中の肺血管阻力低下によって引き起こされる可能性が高い. 肺高血圧では,この分裂は主に右心室内静脈収縮の延長によって起こります.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- 肺内医学 肺内医学 肺内医学
- 呼吸器生理学 呼吸器生理学について
背景:
- 2番目の心臓音 (S2) の分裂は呼吸によって変化し,生理学的分裂として知られる現象である.
- A2-P2区間のインスピレーション増幅 (IA) の基礎となる正確なメカニズムは依然として議論されている.
- 伝統的な説明では,往々にして,静脈の回転が増加し,右心室 (RV) 収縮が長引くことが挙げられます.
研究 の 目的:
- A2-P2区間のインスピレーション増幅 (IA) のメカニズムを正常な被験者と肺高血圧の患者で調査する.
- S2分裂に対するRV電機性シストールの持続時間と肺血管阻力の貢献を区分する.
主な方法:
- 7人の健康なボランティアと6人の肺高血圧患者で,圧力と時間間隔を測定するために,キャテーテルチップマイクロマノメーターを使用しました.
- Q-A2区間,Q-O区間 (RV電機シストロールを反映した),O-P2区間 (肺血管阻害を反映した) を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 正常な被験者では,IAの平均は27.2msecであり,主にO-P2間隔の増加 (11.9msec) によるもので,肺血管阻力度の低下を示唆しています.
- RV電機性シストールの持続時間 (Q-O) は,正常な被験者 (7.6 msec) のIAに少なめに寄与した.
- 肺高血圧では,IAは主にRV電機性シストール (Q-O) の延長によって達成され,O-P2.2における呼吸器の変化はそれほど顕著ではありませんでした.
結論:
- 正常な個体における生理学的S2分裂は,RVシストールの延長のみではなく,肺血管阻力におけるインスピレーションによる減少によって引き起こされる可能性が高い.
- 肺高血圧では,通常の阻力特性が失われ,IAは主にRVシストールの持続期間が増加することによって発生します.
- RVシストールとP2の間の遅延は,RVストロークボリュームの惰性に起因する.
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関連する概念動画
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm
The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase of...
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
Chambers of the Heart
The human heart is a complex organ made up of four chambers: the right and left atria and the right and left ventricles. These internal chambers are separated by partitions known as the interatrial and interventricular septa. The exterior of the heart features a groove known as the coronary sulcus that demarcates the atria from the ventricles, while the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci distinguish between the two ventricles.
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
Conduction System of the Heart
Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
Heart Sounds
Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V) valves at the...
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V) valves at the...
Development of the Heart
The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart tube by...
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart tube by...