レトロウイルスの侵入は,受容体プライミングと低pHの誘発により,封筒型グリコプロテインを媒介する
W Mothes1, A L Boerger, S Narayan
1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|December 7, 2000
まとめ
鳥の白血病ウイルス (ALV) の侵入は,以前はpHに依存しないと考えられていた. この研究は,ALVの侵入には低pHのステップが必要であることを明らかにし,ウイルス融合メカニズムに関する以前の仮定に異議を唱える.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 鳥の白血病ウイルス (ALV) は,pHに依存しないウイルスの侵入を研究するためのモデルです.
- ウイルスの侵入メカニズムは,しばしばpHに依存する経路またはpHに依存しない経路を含む.
- 以前のモデルでは,ALVエントリー・フュージョンがpHに依存しないことを示唆していた.
研究 の 目的:
- ALVウイルスの侵入におけるpHの役割を調査する.
- ALV封筒のグリコタンパク質媒介膜融合のメカニズムを解明する.
- ウイルスの侵入経路における新しい原理を特定する.
主な方法:
- ALVとインフルエンザAウイルスのエントリの比較分析.
- ALVエントリーにおける受容体-リガンド相互作用の調査.
- pHがALVに与える影響を評価する Envグリコプロテインの構成変化と融合.
主要な成果:
- 予期せぬ ALV のエントリーは,臨界の低 pH ステップを必要とします.
- 低pHで誘発された融合のためのALV Envをプライミングするには,受容体相互作用が不可欠です.
- ALVのエントリーは,pHに依存する古典的なインフルエンザAウイルスモデルとは大きく異なる.
結論:
- ALVのエントリーは,以前の理解とは異なり,pHに依存しています.
- 受容体結合は,ALV Envグリコプロテインをプライム化し,pH感受性になります.
- これは,受容体相互作用がウイルスのグリコプロテインのpH感度を調節する新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
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