非メタゾーン生物におけるアデレンス結合とβ-カタニン媒介細胞シグナル伝達
M J Grimson1, J C Coates, J P Reynolds
1Dept of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, USA.
Nature
|December 29, 2000
まとめ
動物の組織組織に不可欠なアデレンス結節は,動物以外の生物Dictyostelium.で発見されました. この発見は,β-カタニニンがベータカテニンであることを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
背景:
- 細胞間の機械的な力は,動物の組織組織に不可欠です.
- アデレンス結合は,アクチン細胞骨格を通して細胞を結びつけ,張力構造を形成する.
- また,アデレンス結合タンパク質であるβ-カタニンも遺伝子発現を調節する.
研究 の 目的:
- アデレンス結合の進化的起源を調査する.
- 動物界 (メタゾア) の外にあるアデレンス・ジャンクションを探すために.
- ベータ-キャテニンの二重機能の初期の進化を理解するために.
主な方法:
- 非メタゾアンのDictyostelium discoideumを細胞間結合について調査した.
- これらの交差点に関与するタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を分離し,特徴づけています.
- ディクティオステリウムにおけるβ-カテニンの同類体の役割を調べた.
主要な成果:
- ディクティオステリウムにおけるアクチン関連細胞間結合を発見した.
- これらの交差点では,Dictyosteliumのβ-catenin同種である"aardvark"を特定しました.
- Aardvarkは,交差点複合体の形成と細胞シグナル伝達の両方に不可欠です.
結論:
- アデレンス・ジャンクションは,動物界の外にも存在します.
- 細胞結合とシグナル伝達におけるβ-カテニンの二重な役割は,メタゾアの起源より前のものである.
- この発見は,多細胞性と細胞間のコミュニケーションの初期の進化についての洞察を提供します.
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