耐火ポリウレタン泡の燃焼製品による極端な毒性

J H Petajan, K J Voorhees, S C Packham

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 28, 1975

まとめ

耐火ウレタン泡の燃焼により,有毒な副産物である4-エチル-1-フォスファ-2,6,7-トリオキサビサイクロが生成されました. ) オクタン-1-オキシドは,ネズミの発作と死亡を引き起こしました.

科学分野:

毒理学毒理学毒理学
火災科学とは,火災科学である.
有機化学オーガニック・ケミストリー

背景:

非燃焼性材料は,火災の安全性にとって極めて重要です.
ウレタン発泡は一般的な材料ですが,その燃焼産物には危険性があります.
燃焼阻害剤は,燃やす可能性を減らすために加えられていますが,燃焼毒性への影響は調査が必要です.

研究の目的:

トリメチロールプロパンベースの硬質ウレタン泡から生じる燃焼製品の毒性を調査する.
阻燃剤の存在で有害な影響を及ぼす特定の有毒化合物を特定する.

主な方法:

木材,非耐火ウレタン泡,および耐火ウレタン泡の燃焼を比較した研究.
ネズミの燃焼産物への暴露.
カーボキシヘモグロビン濃度や発作活動を含む生理学的および神経学的効果の観察.
有毒な燃焼製品の化学的識別.

主要な成果:

木材と非阻害ウレタン泡の非燃焼は,カルボキシヘモグロビンの上昇を引き起こしたが,神経学的影響はなかった.
燃焼阻害ウレタン泡の燃焼産物により,ラットにおけるグランドマル発作と死亡が引き起こされた.
特定の有毒剤は,4-エチル-1-フォスファ-2,6,7-トリオキサビサイクロと特定されました. ) オクタン-1-酸化物.

結論:

ウレタン泡の反応性リン酸火災阻害剤は,非常に有毒な燃焼製品を生成する可能性があります.
4-エチル-1-ホスファ-2,6,7-トリオキサビサイクロ ((2.2.2.2. ) オクタン-1-酸化物は,発作や死亡の原因となる強力な神経毒素である.
より安全な防火システムを開発するためにさらなる研究が必要である.

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