米国で外国生まれの人の結核,1993年~1998年
E A Talbot1, M Moore, E McCray
1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
JAMA
|January 9, 2001
まとめ
1993年から1998年にかけて,外国生まれの人の結核 (TB) の症例は米国で著しく増加しました. 外国生まれの人のための標的型結核管理戦略は,結核撲滅の取り組みにおいて極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症のコントロール・コントロール
背景:
- 移民は,米国における結核 (TB) の発生率を大幅に維持しています.
- 外国生まれの集団における結核の傾向を理解することは,公衆衛生イニシアチブにとって不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 外国生まれの米国人における結核症例の傾向と特徴を分析する.
- 外国生まれの症例データに基づくTBプログラム計画と政策策定を参考にすること.
主な方法:
- 1993年から1998年までの米国の結核監視データの記述分析.
- 結核と診断された外国生まれの人の人口統計学的および臨床的特徴の調査.
主要な成果:
- 外国生まれの結核の症例は2.6% (1993年-1998年) 増加し,米国全体の結核症例の割合は29.8%から41.6%に増加しました.
- 結核の症例率は,外国生まれの個人 (32.9/100,000) と米国生まれの個人 (5.8/100,000) の間で大幅に高かった.
- 外国生まれの症例の半分以上は,米国への入国から5年以内に発生し,主要な原産国にはメキシコ,フィリピン,ベトナム,インド,中国,ハイチ,韓国が含まれています.
結論:
- 外国生まれの集団における結核の影響を減らすことは,米国の結核撲滅目標を達成するために不可欠です.
- 結核対策戦略を外国生まれのコミュニティと,世界の結核対策に合わせることは極めて重要です.
- 直接観察療法 (DOT) の使用の増加は,治療完了率の改善を示しました.
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