関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 11, 2026

22:06
Derivation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells
Published on: February 25, 2007
国内馬の系統の起源は広く知られています
C Vilà1, J A Leonard, A Gotherstrom
1Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. carles.vila@ebc.uu.se
まとめ
馬の家畜化には,起源が制限されず,多様な母性系統の広範な和と統合が含まれていました. ミトコンドリアDNA分析は,野生の馬の広範な歴史的使用を明らかにし,家畜化プロセスに関する以前の仮定に挑戦しています.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 考古学考古学とは
- 動物学 動物学
背景:
- ドメスティケーションは,通常,いくつかの起源イベントを持つ局所化されたプロセスとして見られます.
- 以前の家畜種に関する遺伝学的研究は,母親の起源が限られていることを示唆していた.
研究 の 目的:
- 国内馬の母性系統の起源と多様性を調査する.
- 馬のミトコンドリアDNAの多様性が高いのは,古代の家畜化によるものなのか,それとも他の要因によるものなのかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 191匹の家畜馬からのミトコンドリアDNA (mtDNA) コントロール領域配列の分析.
- 考古学遺跡やプレイストセンの末期の堆積物から得られたエクイッドの配列と比較.
主要な成果:
- 家庭用馬は,母系 (マトリライン) の多様性が高い.
- この多様性は,加速した変異率や古代の家畜化イベントに起因するものではありません.
- 核マーカーの遺伝的多様性は,種間で分割され,性バイアスパターンを示唆しています.
結論:
- 高レベルのmtDNAの多様性は,馬の家畜化中に母方の系統が広く統合されたことを示している.
- これは,多様な集団における野生馬の広範な利用と化を示唆しています.
- 核DNAパターンは,馬の家畜化における性偏りの分散と繁殖の慣行を示唆している.
関連する概念動画
Pedigree Analysis
Overview
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
Genetic Drift
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.Life is not fair. A deer grazing contentedly in a field can have her meal cut tragically short by a bolt of lightning. If the doomed doe is one of only three in the population, 1/3 of the population’s gene pool is lost. Random events like this can...
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
Incomplete Dominance
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Blood Types
Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...

