ヒューマンUpfタンパク質は,終末コドンから下流に結合すると,ナンセンスメディエイトされた衰退のためにmRNAをターゲットにします
J Lykke-Andersen1, M D Shu, J A Steitz
1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA.
Cell
|February 13, 2001
まとめ
無意味な媒介による衰退 (NMD) は,欠陥のあるmRNAsを排除します. 新型ヒトタンパク質 hUpf2,hUpf3a,hUpf3bは,hUpf1と共に,核で始まり,細胞質のNMDを誘発するダイナミック複合体を形成する.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 無意味な媒介による衰退 (NMD) は,重要な細胞監視経路です.
- NMDは,早期終結コドン (PTC) を宿すエウカリオットメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) を除去する.
- 真のストップコドンからPTCの区別は,シス作用要素,特にエクソン-エクソン結合に依存しています.
研究 の 目的:
- NMD経路に関与する新しいヒトタンパク質を特定し,特徴づけること.
- これらの新たに特定されたNMD因子の細胞の局所化と相互作用を解明する.
- これらのタンパク質がNMDの開始と実行に寄与するメカニズムを調査する.
主な方法:
- 同免疫プレシピテーションは,HeLa細胞抽出物中のタンパク質複合体を検出するための測定法です.
- 健全な細胞における免疫光を用いた細胞下局部化研究.
- スプライスされたβ-グロービンmRNAとのタンパク質関連性の分析 in vivo.
- hUpfタンパク質をβ-グロービンのmRNAの3'未翻訳領域 (UTR) に結合させる機能分析.
主要な成果:
- 3つの新しいヒトNMDタンパク質の識別:hUpf2,hUpf3a,およびhUpf3b.
- 細胞抽出物では,これらのタンパク質はhUpf1.1と複合体を形成する.
- 完ぺきな細胞では,hUpf3aとhUpf3bは核サイトプラズマのシャトリング,hUpf2は環核,hUpf1は細胞プラズマのシャトリングを示す.
- hUpf3aとhUpf3bは,スプライスされたβ-グロービンmRNAと選択的に結合する.
- hUpfタンパク質をβ-グロービンのmRNA 3'UTRに結合させると,NMD.を誘発する.
結論:
- hUpf1,hUpf2,hUpf3a,hUpf3bを含むダイナミックなhUpf複合体は,NMDにおいて中心的な役割を果たしています.
- 複合組成は,mRNAエクソン-エクソン交差点の核で開始される.
- 複合体は,翻訳終端部位のダウンストリームで認識されると,細胞質でNMDを誘発する.
- これらの発見は,真核生物におけるmRNA監視の分子機構に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability


