アポプトティック分子機構: ゲノム比較によって明らかにされた脊椎動物の複雑性が大幅に増加した
L Aravind1, V M Dixit, E V Koonin
1National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 22, 2001
まとめ
人間のゲノムは,ハエやネマトードと比較して,アポプトシス機構の複雑性が高まっている. 初期のアポトーシスの進化には,水平的な遺伝子転送が含まれる可能性があり,これはバクテリアの共有タンパク質ドメインによって証明されています.
科学分野:
- * 進化生物学について
- * 分子生物学について
- * ゲノミクスについて
背景:
- *ヒトゲノムプロジェクトは,ほぼ完全なヒト遺伝子のセットを提供している.
- * 比較ゲノミクスは,種間の進化的関係を研究することを可能にします.
- *アポトーシス,またはプログラム細胞死は,基本的な生物学的プロセスです.
研究 の 目的:
- * 異なった種間のアポプトティック分子機構を比較する.
- *アポトーシスの進化的起源を調査する.
- * アポプトシス系の共通でユニークな構成要素を特定する.
主な方法:
- *ヒト,ハエ,ネマトードゲノムから得られたタンパク質にコード化された遺伝子の比較分析.
- * タンパク質ドメインアーキテクチャの検討.
- *バクテリアゲノムにおけるアポプトティックタンパク質ドメインの生物情報識別.
主要な成果:
- * 脊椎動物のアポプトシス機構は,ハエやネマトードよりもはるかに複雑です.
- *ヒトとハエの間で共有されているアポプトシス成分は,ネマトードではないが,コエロマート群を示唆している.
- * アクティノミセツやサイアノバクテリアで見つかった広範なアポプトシスタンパク質ドメインは,水平遺伝子転送を示しています.
結論:
- * 脊椎動物のアポトーシスにより複雑性が高まりました.
- *アポトーシスの進化史は,垂直遺伝と水平遺伝の両方を含む.
- * 比較ゲノミクスは,複雑な生物学的プロセスの進化を理解するために不可欠です.
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