オーソドロミックな太陽コンパス経路に沿って北極の鳥の移住
T Alerstam1, G A Gudmundsson, M Green
1Department of Animal Ecology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. Thomas.Alerstam@ekol.lu.se
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 24, 2001
まとめ
北極の海岸鳥は,磁気または地理的な経路ではなく,太陽のコンパスを使用して移住します. 彼らの飛行経路は,極域を横断する複雑なナビゲーション戦略を明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 鳥類学 鳥類学とは,鳥類学である.
- 動物の行動 動物の行動
- ナビゲーション ナビゲーション
背景:
- 高緯度における鳥の移住は,オリエンテーションにユニークな課題をもたらします.
- 天体および地磁気コンパスシステムの理解は,極地ナビゲーションにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 北極の海岸鳥の移住路線と指向メカニズムを調査する.
- 極地条件での太陽コンパスと地磁気コンパスシステムの有効性をテストするために.
主な方法:
- トラッキングレーダーの研究は,北西経路での氷砕船の遠征中に実施されました.
- 飛行軌道を決定し,予測されたルートと比較するために,移住パターンを分析しました.
主要な成果:
- 岸鳥の移住パターンは,予測された太陽コンパス軌道を支えた.
- 観測された経路は,地理的または磁気的なロクソドロームに沿った方向と調和することができなかった.
- 高緯度の太陽コンパスの経路は,地理的なコースが変化するオルトドロームに似ています.
結論:
- 北極の海岸鳥は,主に太陽コンパスを利用して移住します.
- このオリエンテーションメカニズムは,カナダの北極から南米への長距離フライトを容易にします.
- 証拠によると,太陽コンパスの経路は,シベリアとボーフォート海地域を結びつける可能性もあります.
関連する概念動画
00:53Migration
Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
02:07Conservation of Declining Populations
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
01:54Convergent Evolution
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.The structures that arise from convergent evolution are called analogous structures. They are similar in function even if they are dissimilar in structure. Further, structures can be analogous while also...
01:28Meridians
In surveying, meridians are vital reference lines to measure directions and establish accurate land orientations. Meridians run from the north to the south poles, providing a stable framework for angular measurements and mapping. Meridians are fundamental in survey design, with the primary types being astronomic, magnetic, and assumed meridians. Each type offers distinct benefits and limitations, selected based on the project's scale and precision needs.The astronomic meridian is aligned with...
01:19Magnetic Declination
Magnetic declination is the angle between true north, which aligns with the Earth's rotational axis, and magnetic north, which follows the direction of the Earth's magnetic field. This discrepancy exists because the magnetic poles do not coincide with the geographic poles. The value of magnetic declination depends on the observer's location on Earth and is subject to changes over time due to the dynamic nature of the Earth's magnetic field.The declination is called eastern when magnetic north...
01:29Vectors in 2D: Problem Solving
A plane traveling due north at 180 km/h in still air was found to be 80 km off-course after 30 minutes, deviating approximately 5 degrees east of north. This deviation means the influence of a crosswind alters the plane’s intended trajectory. The actual ground path formed a diagonal, suggesting that the aircraft’s effective ground speed was reduced to 160 km/h and directed slightly to the east due to the wind.By analyzing the displacement from the intended path, the velocity contributed by the...