超伝導体MgB2のポリクリスタリン形態の強く結合された電流の流れ
D C Larbalestier1, L D Cooley, M O Rikel
1Applied Superconductivity Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. larbales@engr.wisc.edu
Nature
|March 10, 2001
まとめ
マグネシウムジボリド (MgB2) は強い超伝導性を示し,弱い磁場の影響を受けません. これは,MgB2が他の超伝導体で見られる粒子の境界問題を回避することを示唆し,実用的な応用の可能性を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 凝縮物質物理学 凝縮物質物理学
- 超伝導性は超伝導性である.
背景:
- マグネシウムジボリド (MgB2) の39Kでの超伝導性の発見は,高温銅酸化物と低温金属超伝導体の重要な比較点を提示しています.
- 銅酸化物は,高い移行温度にもかかわらず,アニソトロピーと弱い粒子の境界結合に苦しんでおり,磁場における実際の電流密度を制限しています.
研究 の 目的:
- マグネシウムジボリド (MgB2) の磁場での振る舞いを調査し,特にポリクリスタリン超伝導体に共通する弱いリンクの振る舞いを示すかどうかを検討する.
- MgB2における超電流密度を左右する要因を決定し,それを確立された超伝導体クラスと比較する.
主な方法:
- マグネチゼーション測定値
- マグネト光学画像処理
- 顕微鏡による顕微鏡検査
- X線分析によるX線分析
主要な成果:
- 超電流は,弱磁場に対する有意な感受性なしに,多相,無質のMgB2サンプル全体に流れます.
- 超電流密度は,主にフクスピニングメカニズムによって制御され,粒子の境界接続性によって制御されません.
- MgB2は,他のポリクリスタリン超伝導体で観察された有害な弱いリンクの振る舞いを表さない.
結論:
- マグネシウムジボリド (MgB2) は,実用的なアプリケーションの主要な制限である弱いリンクの問題から潜在的に自由である超伝導体の新しいクラスを表します.
- この発見は,磁場におけるMgB2の性能が強固であることを示唆しており,より高い温度のアナログが発見される場合,有望な材料となります.
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