脳由来ニューロントロフィックファクタが,活動に依存して,ポストシナプスニューロンに転送される

K Kohara¹, A Kitamura, M Morishima

¹Division of Neurophysiology, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 27, 2001

まとめ

脳由来神経栄養因子 (BDNF) は,神経細胞間,軸索に沿って移動し,ポストシナプス細胞に転送されます. この転送はニューロンの活動に依存し,ニューラル回路形成に関する新しい洞察を提供します.

科学分野:

神経科学は神経科学である.
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

神経栄養素は,脳由来神経栄養因子 (BDNF) のように,神経回路の発達と可塑性にとって極めて重要です.
ニューロン間のBDNFの移転と,その活動に依存する調節が仮説化されているが,直接的な証拠は欠けていた.

研究の目的:

BDNFのトランスニューロン伝搬の直接的な証拠を提供するために.
ニューロンの活動とBDNF転送の関係を調査する.

主な方法:

単一のニューロンにGFPタグのBDNFとRFPの補完DNAを同時に注入する.
光顕微鏡を用いて,生きているニューロンにおけるBDNF発現,局所化,および輸送の可視化.

主要な成果:

光でタグ付けされたBDNFは,軸索の中で前進方向と後進方向の両方で移動することが観察されました.
BDNFは,ポストシナプスニューロンに転送された.
BDNFのポストシナプスニューロンへの転送は,活動に依存した方法で発生しました.

結論:

この研究は,BDNFのトランスニューロン伝搬に関する最初の直接的な証拠を提供します.
ニューロンの活動は,接続されたニューロン間のBDNFの転送を調節する.
これらの発見は,神経の可塑性と回路形成におけるBDNFの役割についての理解を深める.

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