関連する実験動画
Updated: Feb 10, 2026
02:31
Phase Transitions and Effect of Intermolecular Forces
23.3K
妊娠前,妊娠中,妊娠後の女性の身体的虐待
S L Martin1, L Mackie, L L Kupper
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, CB 7400, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA. sandra_martin@unc.edu
JAMA
|April 13, 2001
まとめ
妊娠前と妊娠中の身体的虐待は,産後も続く可能性があります. 小児科医は,虐待パターンがケア利用に影響を与えないため,健康な赤ちゃんの訪問中に母親を暴力のためにスクリーニングすることができます.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 産科・婦人科 産科・婦人科
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
背景:
- 産後における女性の身体的虐待は,臨床的スクリーニングと介入戦略を必要とします.
- 産後の身体的虐待に関する人口ベースの研究は不足しています.
- 虐待パターンを理解することは,母と乳児のケア提供者にとって非常に重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 妊娠前,妊娠中,妊娠後の身体虐待の発生率とパターンを調査する.
- 虐待,傷害,医療介入,社会人口学的要因との関係を分析する.
- 健康な赤ちゃんのケアサービスの利用に対する虐待の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- ノースカロライナ州妊娠リスク評価モニタリングシステム (NC PRAMS) の参加者を用いて調査が行われました.
- この調査には,1997年7月から1998年12月までの期間で回答した女性2648人が参加した.
- 収集されたデータには,虐待の頻度,その結果生じた怪我,医療処置,および時間経過のパターンが含まれています.
主要な成果:
- 身体的虐待の発生率は,妊娠前の6.9%,妊娠中の6.1%,産後の3.2%でした.
- 過去の虐待は,後の虐待を強く予測していた. 産後虐待を受けた女性の77%が怪我をしたが,医療を求めたのは23%だけだった.
- 虐待を受けた母親と虐待を受けていない母親では,ウェルベビーケア利用率が類似しており,最も一般的なケア源は私立医である.
結論:
- 小児科の診療は,女性の家庭内暴力のスクリーニングのための潜在的な設定です.
- 虐待を受けた母親と虐待を受けていない母親が同様の赤ちゃんケアを利用していることは,介入の機会を強調しています.
- さらなる研究は,産後虐待に対する効果的なスクリーニングと介入プロトコルの開発に情報を提供することができます.
関連する概念動画
Phase Transitions
23.3K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.3K
Properties of Transition Metals
30.0K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
30.0K
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions
8.8K
Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
8.8K
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation
21.5K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
21.5K
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition
20.3K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
20.3K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing
15.2K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
15.2K