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ゲノムインプリントは,Dnmt1遺伝子の母性効果変異によって破壊された
C Y Howell1, T H Bestor, F Ding
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Cell
|April 6, 2001
まとめ
DNAメチルトランスフェラーゼ-1卵細胞変異体 (Dnmt1o) は,早期哺乳類の胚のインプリントされた遺伝子位置でのメチル化パターンの維持に不可欠です. その欠如は,発達障害とアレル特異的な発現の喪失につながる.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
背景:
- ゲノムメチル化パターンは,哺乳類の発達に不可欠です.
- DNAメチルトランスフェラーゼ-1 (Dnmt1) は,体細胞でこれらのパターンを維持する.
- マウスの卵細胞と初期の胚は,Dnmt1.oの代わりにDnmt1の変種であるDnmt1oを使用しています.
研究 の 目的:
- メチル化パターンを維持し,胚の発達を支援するDnmt1oの役割を調査する.
- Dnmt1oの特異的な機能をインプリントされた位置で決定する.
主な方法:
- Dnmt1oを排除するために,Dnmt1遺伝子の卵細胞特異のプロモーターと最初のエクソンを削除します.
- ノックアウトマウスの卵細胞と胚におけるメチル化パターンと遺伝子発現の分析.
- 同卵性雌の異卵性子孫における胚死亡率の評価.
主要な成果:
- 同卵性Dnmt1o欠乏動物は生存可能であったが,同卵性母から生まれた異卵性胎児は妊娠後期に高い死亡率を示した.
- メチル化パターンは,Dnmt1o欠乏性卵細胞で正常に確立されました.
- Dnmt1oが欠けていた胚は,特定のインプリントされた位置でアレル特異的な発現の喪失とメチル化を示した.
- Dnmt1oは,8細胞段階の胚の核に一時的に局在する.
結論:
- Dnmt1oは,胚形成初期にメチル化とアルレ特異的発現をインプリントされた位置で維持するために不可欠です.
- Dnmt1oは,第4の胚性S段階において,メチルトランスフェラーゼの活動に重大な維持作用を与える可能性が高い.
- Dnmt1oの欠如は発達障害につながり,ゲノムインプリントの維持におけるその重要性を強調しています.
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