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What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

Overview
Classification of Leukocytes01:30

Classification of Leukocytes

Leukocytes are classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of cytoplasmic granules. Granular leukocytes, which contain granules, belong to the myeloid lineage and are divided into three subtypes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These cells are roughly spherical and characterized by the granules in their cytoplasm.
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...

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システミック・ルプス・エリテマトーソス症.

G Ruiz-Irastorza1, M A Khamashta, G Castellino

  • 1Lupus Research Unit, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 11, 2001
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

このレビューでは,1995年から2000年にかけての全身性白血病 (SLE) と抗フォスフォリピド症候群 (APS) の主要な臨床進歩を強調しています. 更新された基準,マイコフェノラートモフェチルなどの新しい治療法,患者の生存率の改善などについて詳しく述べています.

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Murine Bilateral Renal Lymphadenectomy
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The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
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科学分野:

  • レウマトロジーの病理学
  • 臨床免疫学 臨床免疫学について

背景:

  • システミック・ルプス・エリテマトーサス (SLE) とアンチフォスフォリピド症候群 (APS) は,臨床的に重大な影響を及ぼす複雑な自己免疫疾患である.
  • これらの状態の理解と管理における進歩は,患者のアウトカムを改善するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 1995年から2000年の間にSLEとAPSの主要な臨床進歩をレビューする.
  • 分類基準,流行病学,治療戦略の更新を要約する.

主な方法:

  • 1995年から2000年の間に発表された臨床試験の文献レビュー.
  • ランダム化比較試験と疫学データの分析.

主要な成果:

  • SLEとAPSの分類基準を更新しました.
  • 神経精神病性ループスの19のサブセットの定義.
  • SLE患者の発生率と生存率が増加しています.
  • サイクロフォスファミド,メトトレキサート,抗マラリア薬,ホルモン療法の確立された役割.
  • シクロスポリンとタリドミドに関する新興データ.
  • 耐火性の症例に対するマイコフェノラートモフェチルの使用の増加と幹細胞移植.
  • APSにおける血栓形成の管理とSLE/APSにおける高リスク妊娠に関する新しい洞察.

結論:

  • SLEとAPSの管理では,1995年から2000年の間に著しい進展がありました.
  • 新薬や幹細胞移植など,治療の選択肢が拡大した.
  • 病気のサブセットと疫学的傾向の理解が向上し,臨床実務に情報を提供しました.