化学的特異は,熱水噴出孔の生態学を駆動する
G W Luther1, T F Rozan, M Taillefert
1College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958, USA. luther@udel.edu
Nature
|April 12, 2001
まとめ
深海の噴出孔の生物
科学分野:
- マリン・バイオロジーの海洋生物学
- 地質化学 地質化学
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
背景:
- 深海の熱水噴出孔の生理学は理解されていますが,生物の分布を制御する環境要因は不明です.
- 元素の化学的特異化は,極端な環境における生物のコミュニティ構造に影響を及ぼすという仮説がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 深海の熱水噴出孔の生物の分布を制御する物理化学的要因を調査する.
- イースト・パシフィック・ライズ・ベンチでの化学物種化を in situ で測定する.
主な方法:
- 化学特異性の in situ 測定に用いる電気化学技術を活用した.
- 酸素,鉄,および硫黄の特異性は,微生息地における特定の分類種の分布と相関しています.
主要な成果:
- 酸素,鉄,硫黄の特異性における有意な差異が観察されました.
- 異なった微生息地における特定の分類の分布と強く相関する種種化.
- 高温 (>30°C) の微生物圏における溶解性の鉄硫化物群は,自由硫化水素の可用性を減少させる.
結論:
- 化学的物種化,特に鉄と硫黄の相互作用は,深海噴出孔の生物の分布を制御する重要な要因である.
- 微生物生息地特有の化学的条件は,風口生物のための生息地の可用性を決定する.
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