鳥の繁殖能力と生存のトレードオフと親のリスクを負うこと

C K Ghalambor¹, T E Martin

¹U.S. Geological Survey Biological Resources Division, Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Avian Studies Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA. camerong@citrus.ucr.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 21, 2001

まとめ

親の介護戦略は,南半球によって異なります. 南部の鳥は自己保存を優先し,北部の鳥は子孫を保護し,生命の歴史のトレードオフと生存確率を反映しています.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
行動生態学行動生態学
鳥類学鳥類学とは,鳥類学である.

背景:

ライフヒストリー理論によると,親の投資戦略は,成人の生存率と子孫の数によって異なります.
南半球の鳥は,北半球の鳥と比較して,成人の生存率が高く,クラッチサイズが小さくなっています.

研究の目的:

両親の介護の決定が,南半球特有の生命史の特徴によってどのように影響されるかを調査する.
親の生存と子孫の生存のトレードオフに関する生命史理論の予測をテストする.

主な方法:

北米と南米の間にペアリングされた10種の鳥の比較研究. 系統学と生態学に基づいています.
親の反応を観察するために,成人と子孫の捕食リスクの実験的操作.

主要な成果:

南半球の親は,子孫に代償を払っても,自分の死亡リスクを減らすことを優先しました.
北半球の親は,自分たちにとってより大きなコストを払っても,子孫の死亡リスクを減らすことを優先しました.

結論:

親の介護戦略は,大人の生存率と子孫の特徴に準拠しています.
発見は,さまざまな生態学的条件下で親の投資の進化に関する生命史理論の予測を裏付けている.

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