バクテリアのフラゲリンに対する先天的な免疫反応は,トール型受容体5によって媒介されます
F Hayashi1, K D Smith, A Ozinsky
1Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Nature
|April 27, 2001
まとめ
哺乳類のトール型受容体5 (TLR5) は,バクテリアのフラゲリンを検出し,フラゲル化された病原体の重要な成分です. この認識は,免疫信号伝達経路を活性化し,サイトカインの生産と細菌感染に対する効果的な免疫につながります.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 生まれつきの免疫システムは,微生物の病原体関連分子パターン (PAMP) を識別する.
- トール型受容体 (TLR) は,PAMPの認識と免疫応答の開始に不可欠です.
- バクテリアのフラゲルタンパク質であるフラゲリンは,様々な種で認識されている保存されたPAMPです.
研究 の 目的:
- フラゲリンの認識に責任を負う特定の哺乳類受容体を特定する.
- フラゲリンによって活性化されたシグナル伝達経路を解明する.
- この受容体の役割を理解するために,鞭状の細菌の病原体を検出する.
主な方法:
- Listeria monocytogenesのTLR5刺激活性を浄化し,特定する.
- フラゲリン変異菌とTLR5発現細胞を用いた機能分析.
- 野生型マウスとMyD88-nullマウスにおけるNF-kappaB活性化とサイトカイン (TNF-alpha,IL-6) 生成の分析.
主要な成果:
- 哺乳類のトール型受容体5 (TLR5) はフラゲリン受容体として特定されました.
- フラゲリンのTLR5への結合はNF-kappaBの動員と腫瘍死滅因子-αの生成を誘発する.
- MyD88に依存したシグナリングは,IL-6の生産を含むフラゲリンに対する宿主応答に不可欠です.
結論:
- TLR5は,グラム陽性菌とグラム陰性菌の両方のバクテリアフラゲリンを特異的に認識します.
- フラゲリン誘発のTLR5活性化は,フラゲル化細菌に対する先天性免疫反応の開始に不可欠である.
- TLR5-フラゲリン相互作用は,細菌の病原体を検出するための進化的に保存されたメカニズムを表しています.
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