大気中のCO2が増加した実験用森林の土地の土壌とゴミに限られた炭素貯蔵があります
1Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Nature
|May 25, 2001
まとめ
森林の土壌は,長期的な炭素吸収源ではないかもしれません. 大気中のCO2の増加は,ゴミの炭素の蓄積につながったが,急速な分解は,これらの生態系における貯蔵の可能性を制限している.
科学分野:
- 森林生態学 森林生態学とは
- 土壌科学 土壌科学
- 気候変動に関する研究
背景:
- 森林の生態系は,炭素を吸収することによって,大気中の二酸化炭素の上昇を緩和する役割を果たしています.
- 土壌の炭素貯蔵は,湿土のような永続的な有機物質の形成に依存しています.
- 森林土壌の炭素循環を理解することは,気候変動モデルにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 高濃度のCO2がロブローリ松林の土壌における炭素吸収に与える影響を調査する.
- 森林の土壌が,増加した大気中のCO2下での長期的な炭素吸収源として機能する可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- ロブローリーパイン (Pinus taeda) の実験用林区は,高濃度のCO2 (565μL L−1) に曝された.
- 異なる植物組織 (葉,木) と土層 (ゴミ,鉱物土) に割り当てられた炭素を分析した.
- 廃棄物層における有機炭素の周回時間を決定した.
主要な成果:
- 3年間の高濃度のCO2にさらされた後,ゴミの層に炭素の蓄積が顕著に観察されました.
- 炭素吸収のほぼ半分は,短命の組織,主に葉っぱに割り当てられました.
- 迅速なターンオーバータイム (約. 3年) の有機炭素がゴミの層で見つかった.
- より深い鉱土層では,有意な炭素蓄積は検出されなかった.
結論:
- CO2濃度の上昇は,森林のゴミ層に炭素を増加させるが,急速な分解は,長期貯蔵の可能性を制限する.
- 森林の土壌,特にゴミの層は,現在の気候変動のシナリオでは,長期的に炭素を吸収する重要な場所として機能しないかもしれません.
- 森林の土壌における複雑な炭素循環のダイナミクスを完全に理解するためには,さらなる研究が必要である.
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