入院後の高齢者の1年死亡率の予後指数の開発と検証
L C Walter1, R J Brand, S R Counsell
1Division of Geriatrics, VA Medical Center 111G, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. louisew@itsa.ucsf.edu
JAMA
|June 30, 2001
まとめ
新しい予後指数は,退院後の高齢患者の1年間の死亡率を正確に予測します. このツールは,よりよい臨床ケアとリスク調整のために,高リスクの個人を特定するために容易に入手可能な情報を使用します.
科学分野:
- ゲリアトリック・メディシン (老年医学)
- 臨床流行病学 臨床流行病学とは
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
背景:
- 高齢者の患者は,しばしば,機能的低下と高死亡率の入院後の経験があります.
- 高齢者の病院後の死亡率に関する既存の予後ツールは限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 病院退院後の高齢者の1年死亡率を予測するための予後指数を開発し,検証する.
- インデックスの解約時に容易に利用できる情報を活用する.
主な方法:
- 2つの研究 (1993年~1997年) の予測データで,1年間の追跡調査を行った.
- 1495人の患者 (≥70歳) で予後指標を開発し,1427人の患者でそれを検証しました.
- 人口統計,ADL依存症,併発症,入院,検査値など,特定された危険因子.
主要な成果:
- 6つの独立したリスク要因が特定されました:男性性別,ADL依存症,心不全,がん,クレアチニンおよびアルバミンレベル.
- リスクスコアは,死亡率のグループ (例えば,誘導コホートでは13%対68%) に患者様を層分けした.
- インデックスは,導出と検証コホートの両方で良好な差別性 (AUC 0.75-0.79) を示した.
結論:
- シンプルで加算的な予後指数は,退院後の高齢の医療従事者の1年間の死亡リスクを効果的に分層化します.
- このインデックスは,異なる臨床環境に対する優れた差別化,校正,および一般化性を示しています.
- このツールは,高齢の患者の臨床意思決定とリスク調整を助けることができます.
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