とても幼い (学前) の子供たちの喘息障害は,すべて流行率が増加しているのでしょうか?
C E Kuehni1, A Davis, A M Brooke
1Department of Child Health, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK. claudia.kuehni@insel.ch
Lancet (London, England)
|June 19, 2001
まとめ
ウイルス性喘息を含む小児喘息障害の罹患率は1990年から1998年の間に著しく増加しました. 幼稚園児の喘息の増加は,アトピー以外の要因が子供の呼吸器系問題を引き起こしていることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 小児の呼吸器の健康について
- 幼児期の喘息障害の流行病学
- アトピーと喘息の研究
背景:
- アトピーとは無関係なものを含め,幼児における明確な喘息障害は,診断上の課題を提示します.
- 幼児喘息率上昇の背後にあるメカニズムを明らかにするかもしれません.
研究 の 目的:
- 8年間の学前児における様々な喘息障害の流行の変化を調査する.
- 小児性喘息の増加に寄与する潜在的な要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- イギリスのレイスターシャーで,親が郵便で記入したアンケートを使って実施された人口調査.
- 1990年と1998年に調査された1歳から5歳までの白人の子供のランダムサンプル.
主要な成果:
- 報告された喘息の有意な増加 (16%から29%),現在の喘息 (12%から26%),喘息の診断 (11%から19%),喘息の治療 (15%から26%) が観察されました.
- ウイルス性喘息 (9%から19%) と一時的な早期喘息 (3%から5%) を含むすべての喘息障害のタイプで増加が観察されました.
- 持続的な喘息の有病率は5%から13%,遅発喘息の有病率は6%から8%に増加した.
結論:
- ウイルス性喘息を含む学前期の喘息障害の普遍的な増加は,アトピー関連でない要因を指しています.
- これらの発見は,アレルギー感受性とは無関係な環境または他の要因が,子供の喘息の流行学の変化に役割を果たしていることを示唆しています.
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