メチル転移反応に対する溶媒の効果. 2. 2. 2. 2. 2. やってみよう アミンのトリメチルスルフォニウム塩との反応
H Castejon1, K B Wiberg, S Sklenak
1Science Computing, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 21, 2001
まとめ
トリメチルスルフォニウムイオンによるアンモニアとピリジンの反応を調査すると,溶媒効果が明らかになる. 溶媒の極性を増加させると,活性化の自由エネルギーが増加し,実験データと一致して,反応の外熱性を変化させます.
科学分野:
- 計算化学はコンピュータ化学である.
- 物理的な有機化学 物理的な有機化学
背景:
- トリメチルスルフォニウムイオンの核愛素との反応性は,有機合成において極めて重要です.
- 反応メカニズムに対する溶媒の影響を理解することは,化学的変換を制御する上で鍵となる.
研究 の 目的:
- トリメチルスルフォニウムイオンとのアンモニアとピリジンのガス相および溶液相反応機構を調査する.
- 反応経路,移行状態,エネルギー学に対する溶媒の極性の影響を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 密度関数理論 (DFT) は,ガス相反応のB3LYP/6-31+Gレベルでの計算.
- サイクロヘキサンとジメチル硫酸化物 (DMSO) の溶媒効果のための自己一貫した同密度極化連続体モデル (SCI-PCM).
- 水溶剤効果のためのモンテカルロ自由エネルギー乱射法.
主要な成果:
- ガス相反応は,複数の中間物質と複雑な移行状態を持つ複雑な経路を示します.
- サイクロヘキサンは,変化したエネルギーを持つガス相経路を維持し,DMSOは,種を除去することによってプロフィールを簡素化します.
- 活性化自由エネルギーは,アンモニアとピリジン反応の両方の溶媒の極性によって増加します.
結論:
- 溶媒の極性は,アンモニアとピリジンとのトリメチルスルフォニウムイオンの反応機構とエネルギーに大きく影響します.
- 活性化自由エネルギーとエクソ熱性の観測された傾向は,異なる溶媒と計算方法において一貫しています.
- 計算上の発見は,反応速度に対する溶媒の影響に関する実験的観測と良好な一致を示しています.
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