空間的意識は,前頭葉の機能であり,後頭葉の機能ではない
H O Karnath1, S Ferber, M Himmelbach
1Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Tübingen, Germany. karnath@uni-tuebingen.de
Nature
|June 22, 2001
まとめ
意識の障害である空間的怠慢は,人間と猿の両方の上部側頭葉皮質と関連しています. この発見は,伝統的な見解に異議を唱え,人間の右半球に横行した空間的意識を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
- 比較神経学 比較神経学について
背景:
- 空間的不注意は,伝統的にヒトの後頭側頭葉の病変と関連しています.
- 猿の空間的無視は,上側側頭葉皮質の病変と関連しているため,不一致が存在する.
- これは,種間の空間的意識のニューラル基盤を理解する際のギャップを浮き彫りにしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間における空間的無視のニューラル基質を調査する.
- 空間的無視に関与する脳領域に関する種の不一致を解決するために.
- 猿から人間への空間的意識表現の進化的変化を探求する.
主な方法:
- 人間での傷害マッピング研究.
- 人間の脳と猿の脳における病変効果の比較分析.
- 脳の領域と空間的疎外症状の神経解剖学的および機能的相関.
主要な成果:
- 上側側頭葉皮質,後側頭葉皮質ではなく,ヒトの空間的無視のための神経基質として識別されています.
- この発見は,類人猿での観察と一致し,種間の不一致を解決しています.
- 人間の空間的認識は,猿の双極機能とは異なり,右上側側側頭葉皮質に大きく限られている.
結論:
- この研究は,空間的怠慢を人間における頭葉の損傷とだけ結びつけるという長年の信念を否定している.
- 上側側頭葉皮質は,人間と猿の両方の空間的無視のための重要な領域です.
- 系統遺伝的進化は,かつての双方向の空間的意識をヒトの右半球に横行させ,言語の横行化に潜在的に並行させました.
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