哺乳類の細胞の核内のカップリングされた転写と翻訳
F J Iborra1, D A Jackson, P R Cook
1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE UK.
まとめ
研究者らは,タンパク質を作るプロセスであるトランスレーションが哺乳類の細胞の核内で起こり,細胞の区画化に関する長い間持っていた信念に異議を唱えていることを発見しました. この核翻訳は,活性遺伝子転写と関連しており,遺伝子発現のための新しいメカニズムを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- ユカリオット細胞は,伝統的に,空間的にトランスクリプション (DNAからRNA) とトランスレーション (RNAからタンパク質) を分離していると考えられています.
- トランスレーションは,核内ではなく,細胞プラズマにのみ発生すると広く考えられています.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の細胞における翻訳の空間的局所化を調査する.
- 翻訳が核で発生し,それが転写に結びついているかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 浸透性哺乳類の細胞は,ラベル付アミノ酸 ([3H]リジン) またはタグ付転送RNA (ビオチンまたはBODIPYを伴うリシル-tRNA) でインキュベートされた.
- 細胞内の新生ポリペプチドと翻訳部位の位置は,顕微鏡と生化学技術を使用して決定されました.
主要な成果:
- ほとんどのタンパク質合成は細胞質で起こりますが,かなりの量の翻訳は,トランスクリプション"工場"と呼ばれる離散的な核部位で検出されました.
- この核翻訳の一部は,RNAポリメラーゼIIによる同時転写に依存していることが判明しました.
結論:
- 翻訳は哺乳類の細胞の核内で,特に活性転写の部位で起こる可能性があります.
- この核翻訳プロセスは,バクテリアのメカニズムに類似して,RNAポリメラーゼIIから発生する新生メッセンジャーRNAを直接リボソームが翻訳することを含む可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
Transcription
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
Transcription
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
Transcription
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...


