植物R遺伝子の進化の動態

J Bergelson¹, M Kreitman, E A Stahl

¹Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, 1101 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. jbergels@midway.uchicago.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 26, 2001

まとめ

病原体の認識に不可欠な植物R遺伝子は,共同進化の軍拡競争により急速な進化を示しています. しかし,種内の遺伝的多様性は,単純な選択的掃描を超えた複雑な進化のダイナミクスを示唆しています.

科学分野:

植物病理学植物病理学
進化遺伝学の進化遺伝学について
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

植物R遺伝子は,病原体との遺伝子対遺伝子の相互作用を媒介する.
これらの相互作用は,共進化的な軍拡競争を推進すると予想されます.
R遺伝子の急速な進化は,これらの軍拡競争の特徴であると仮定されています.

研究の目的:

植物R-遺伝子の進化動態を調査する.
R遺伝子進化における共進化的軍拡競争の証拠を検証する.
R遺伝子適応における種内ポリモルフィズムが果たす役割を理解する.

主な方法:

入手可能なR遺伝子配列データの分析.
特定のR遺伝子の領域における進化の速度の調査 (ルシンの豊富な繰り返し).
種内ポリモルフィズムパターンの評価.

主要な成果:

溶媒に曝露されたアミノ酸残留は,ルシンの豊富なR遺伝子のリピートで,異常な速さで進化する.
R-遺伝子では,種の内での多形態性が顕著に観察されています.
これらの発見は,共進化的な軍拡競争の仮説を裏付けている.

結論:

植物R遺伝子は,共進化的圧力と一致する急速な進化を示しています.
種内ポリモルフィズムは,R遺伝子の進化は,連続した選択的掃描によってのみ駆動されるものではないことを示しています.
観察されたパターンは,植物と病原体間の複雑な適応的進化的ダイナミクスを反映しています.

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