191か国における健康的な平均寿命,1999年
C D Mathers1, R Sadana, J A Salomon
1Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1211 27, Geneva, Switzerland. mathersc@who.ch
Lancet (London, England)
|June 27, 2001
まとめ
健康的な平均寿命 (DALE) の推定値は,日本を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス・メトリックス (Global Health Metrics) について
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- デモグラフィー デモグラフィー 人口統計
背景:
- 健康的な寿命の推定は,人口の健康を理解するために非常に重要です.
- 以前の世界規模での推定は,範囲と方法論が限られていた.
- 障害調整平均寿命 (DALE) は,包括的な健康指標を提供する.
研究 の 目的:
- 1999年に191カ国のDALEの最初のグローバル見積もりを発表します.
- 健康的な寿命の分布を,さまざまな地域と人口統計で分析する.
- DALE.の変動に影響を与える要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 109の病気/ケガの原因に関する発生率,流行率,および障害データを使用した.
- 60件の世界的な健康調査を分析した.
- WHO加盟国の性別と年齢別でDALEを計算するために,サリヴァンの方法を適用しました.
主要な成果:
- 日本では,出生時に最も高いDALE (74.5歳) を記録しました.
- サハラ以南のアフリカ諸国は,HIV/AIDSによる最も低いDALE (<35年) に直面しています.
- 低DALEの国では,障害が平均寿命の18%を占め,高DALEの国では8%だった.
結論:
- グローバルDALEの推定では,健康上の大きな格差が浮き彫りにされています.
- 医療費の増加は,総寿命よりも,DALEにおけるより大きな利益と相関しています.
- 女性が長生きする一方で,障害のある年数が多くなります.
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