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Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
Published on: June 24, 2013
アルファ,ベータ不飽和アルカン,シラン,ゲルマン,スタナン酸の酸性傾向
J F Gal1, M Decouzon, P C Maria
1Chimie des Matériaux Organiques et Métalliques, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 28, 2001
まとめ
ガス相酸性測定は,炭素,シリコン,ゲルマニウム,チンの不飽和化合物が,飽和化合物よりも強い酸であることを示しています. 酸性はグループ14を下に上昇し,不飽和炭素化合物が最も顕著な酸性効果を示しています.
科学分野:
- 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
- 物理化学 物理化学
- コンピューティング・ケミストリー
背景:
- 有機金属化合物の固有酸性を理解することは,それらの反応性を予測するために極めて重要です.
- グループ14の元素 (C,Si,Ge,Sn) は,周期表における位置によって影響される多様な化学特性を表している.
- 不飽和度の酸性への影響は,有機および無機化合物において以前研究されてきた.
研究 の 目的:
- エチル,ビニル,エチニル,フェニル置換シラン,ゲルマン,スタナン のガス相酸度を測定し比較する.
- 14グループ化合物の酸性に対する不飽和の影響を計算方法を用いて分析する.
- グループ14の酸性傾向を明らかにし,それに対応する炭化水素と比較する.
主な方法:
- フーリエ変換イオンサイクロトロン共鳴 (FT-ICR) テクニックを用いたガス相酸性測定.
- G2 ab initioと密度関数理論 (DFT) の計算を用いた計算分析.
- 実験的および理論的な酸性データの比較分析.
主要な成果:
- 酸性は一般的にグループ14を下に増加し,ゲルマニウムと亜鉛の誘導体間の差異は小さくなります.
- C,Si,Ge,Snのアルファ,ベータ不飽和化合物は,飽和類似体よりも強い酸である.
- 不飽和の酸化効果は,Si,Ge,Snを含む化合物よりも,炭素化合物において,アリルアニオンの優れた共振安定化により,著しく顕著である.
結論:
- 不飽和は,主にアニオン安定化の増加を通じて,グループ14の化合物の酸性を高めます.
- 不飽和の炭素群の電子負性は不飽和とともに増加し,酸性の増加に寄与する.
- エチニル誘導体は,フェニル誘導体よりも体系的に強い酸であり,実験データはこれらの発見と一致しています.
関連する概念動画
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Molecular Structure and Acidity
An acid can be deprotonated to form a conjugate base or an anion. If the produced anion is more stable, then the acid is stronger. On the contrary, if the anion is unstable, then the acid is weaker. Hence, to determine the acidity of the compound, the stability of its conjugate base is studied using various factors.
The size effect explains the change in atomic size on acidity. When comparing the acids formed from elements that belong to the same column in the periodic table, their atomic sizes...
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The Leveling Effect of a Solvent
A generic acid (HA) reacts with the generic base (B-) to yield the corresponding conjugate base (A-) and conjugate acid (HB):
The Leveling Effect of a Solvent
A generic acid (HA) reacts with the generic base (B-) to yield the corresponding conjugate base (A-) and conjugate acid (HB):

