幼稚園児における広範囲にわたる発達障害
1MRC Child Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry/King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, England.
JAMA
|June 28, 2001
まとめ
この研究では,学前児における広範囲にわたる発達障害 (PDD) の割合が,以前に報告されたより高いことが判明しました. これは,自閉症スペクトラム障害の発生率の実際の増加を反映しているかどうかを判断するために,さらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 小児神経学について
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害の罹患率は不確実であり,発生率の増加に関する懸念が続いている.
- 正確な疫学データは,発達障害を理解し,対処するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 定義された学前年齢の子供の集団における広範囲にわたる発達障害 (PDDs) の有病率を推定する.
- 幼児期におけるPDDに関する最新流行病学的データを提供する.
主な方法:
- イギリスのスタッフォードシャーで調査が行われ,2.5歳から6.5歳の1万5500人の子どもをスクリーニングした.
- PDDの疑いのある子供は,標準化された診断面接と心理測定検査を含む,多学科チームによる集中的な評価を受けました.
主要な成果:
- この研究では,PDDを患っている97人の子どもを特定し,1万人に62.6人の子供の罹患率を推定しました.
- 自閉症の罹患率は1万人に16.8人,他のPDDは1万人に45.8人でした.
- 関連疾患には,精神障害 (25.8%) と病状 (9.3%) が含まれていた.
結論:
- PDDの発生率は,学前教育者集団で以前に記録されたより高いようです.
- 現在の疫学的限界は,増加した発生率に関する決定的な結論を出すことを妨げ,さらなる厳格な調査を必要とします.
- この発見は,PDDと診断された学前児の重要なニーズを強調しています.
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