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Published on: June 21, 2018
双子座の表面活性剤は,ディサカライド間隔器を有する表面活性剤である
1Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 18, 2001
まとめ
トレハロースのスペーサーを備えた2つの新しいジェミニ表面活性剤のファミリーが合成されました. シリーズAのジェミニスは不溶性構造を形成し,シリーズBのジェミニスは溶性ミセルを形成し,これは分子モデリングによって説明されます.
科学分野:
- コロイドと表面の化学
- 超分子化学 超分子化学
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
背景:
- 双子座の表面活性物質は,2つの水性ヘッドグループと2つの水性ヘッドグループがスペーサーで結びついていることが特徴であり,大きな関心を集めている.
- トレハロース (Trehalose) は非還元性ダイサカリドであり,両生類の設計においてユニークな構造的,機能的特性を有しています.
研究 の 目的:
- トレハロースを極地隔離剤として利用した2つの新しいゲミニ表面活性物質のファミリーを合成し,特徴づけること.
- これらのジェミニ表面活性物質の自己組み立て行動と物理化学的性質に対する構造的改変 (ニオニオン対カチオン) の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- トレハロースを用いたノンイオン (シリーズA) とカチオン (シリーズB) のジェミニ表面活性剤の合成.
- カロリメトリー,テンシオメトリー,伝導度測定,顕微鏡,表面バランス研究,光散乱を用いた特徴付け.
- 構造と性質の関係を明らかにするために,アンバー力場を用いた分子モデリング.
主要な成果:
- シリーズAのジェミニスは,水性グループにもかかわらず,水溶性を示し,フォスフォリピドを真似して,状および管状の構造を形成しました.
- シリーズBのジェミニスは水溶性を示し,従来の表面活性剤よりも重要なミセル濃度が著しく低いミセルを形成しました.
- 分子モデリングは,二重層パッキングを好むシリーズAのチューブル形と,ミセル形成を好むシリーズBの形を示した.
結論:
- ヘッドグループ (アミド対四次アンモニア) の性質は,トリハロースベースのジェミニ表面活性剤の自己組み立て行動と溶解性を決定的に決定する.
- トレハロースは実質的なヘッドグループとして機能し,梱包パラメータと総体形態学に影響を与えます.
- 複数の実験的および計算的方法間の協調性は,複雑な表面活性物質システムの包括的な理解にとって極めて重要です.
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