熱帯の暖かい海面と,白亜紀中期における地球規模の無酸素
1Southampton Oceanography Centre, School of Ocean & Earth Sciences, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK. paw1@soc.soton.ac.uk
Nature
|July 27, 2001
まとめ
クリータ紀の海は,極端な温暖化と無酸素現象を経験しました. 新しい研究により,熱帯大西洋の海面温度が3~5°C上昇し,OAE-1dの間に層格が崩壊し,以前の気候安定性仮定に異議を唱えたことが明らかになった.
科学分野:
- パレオセアノグラフィー
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 地質化学 地質化学
背景:
- クレータ紀中期 (120〜8000万年前) は,暖かい極地,熱帯のサンゴ礁沈没,海洋無酸素現象 (OAEs) が特徴でした.
- 高い大気中の二酸化炭素濃度が白期の温暖化の要因であると疑われているが,OAEの原因については依然として議論されており,高生産性や海洋の停滞などの理論がある.
- 以前の見解では,過去の温暖な気候は,現在の条件よりも安定していたことを示唆していました.
研究 の 目的:
- クレタ紀中期の西熱帯大西洋における地表水の熱的構造と変動性を調査する.
- 海洋層分化,海面温度,海洋無酸素現象 (OAEs) の関係を分析する.
- OAE-1dの地球化学的シグネチャを他の主要な中世OAEと比較する.
主な方法:
- 複数のフォラミニフェラ種からの安定的な同位体記録の分析.
- 過去の海面温度と上海の熱構造の再構築.
- OAE-1dと他の中世OAEの地化学的比較.
主要な成果:
- 西熱帯大西洋の海面温度は,約1億年前の今日より3~5°C高かった.
- 表面水における顕著な熱変動が観察されました.
- OAE-1d (Breistroffer事件) の間,上部海洋層分化の崩壊が発生しました.
- OAE-1dは,メゾゾイク期の主要なOAEと地化学的な類似性を示しています.
結論:
- 温室効果ガスの強制作用が,クレタセア紀の気温上昇の原因になった可能性が高い.
- この発見は,海洋の停滞に基づいたOAEの説明と矛盾しています.
- この結果は,過去の温暖な時期におけるより大きな気候の安定性に関する伝統的な見解に異議を唱えている.
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