大学生における髄膜炎球菌疾患のリスク要因
M G Bruce1, N E Rosenstein, J M Capparella
1Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
JAMA
|August 10, 2001
まとめ
大学生,特に寮の新入生は,髄膜球菌病のリスクが高い. ワクチン接種は,このリスクを大幅に減らすことができます.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 髄膜炎球菌疾患の発生率は,1990年代半ばには,特に18歳から22歳の若者の間で高かった.
- 米国の大学生に関する全国的なデータ収集は1998年に開始されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国の大学生における髄膜炎球菌疾患の発生率を決定する.
- この人口集団における髄膜炎球菌病の危険因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- 展望的な監視とネストされた症例対照研究が行われました.
- データは,1998年9月から1999年8月の間に米国の大学生から収集されました.
- 50の州の保健部門と231の大学保健センターが参加しました.
主要な成果:
- 米国の大学生の中で96件の髄膜炎球菌疾患が確認されました.
- 大学生の発生率は,一般の18歳から23歳の非学生集団 (1.4/100,000) よりも低い (0.7/100,000).
- 寮に暮らす新入生は,最も高い発生率 (5.1/100,000) と高いリスク (OR, 3.6) を示した.
- ほとんどの症例 (68%) は,ワクチンで予防可能な血清群によって引き起こされました.
結論:
- 寮で暮らす新生は,独立して, meningokoccal 疾患のリスクが高くなります.
- 四価ポリサッカリドワクチンは,大学生における髄膜炎球菌感染症のリスクを大幅に低下させることができる.
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