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青少年および若年成人における侵入性髄膜炎球菌疾患
L H Harrison1, M A Pass, A B Mendelsohn
1Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh, 521 Parran Hall, 130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. lharriso@edc.gsph.pitt.edu
JAMA
|August 10, 2001
まとめ
髄膜炎球菌病 (MD) の発生率は,1990年代に15歳から24歳の間で増加し,死亡率は高い. ほとんどの症例は,髄膜炎球菌ワクチンで予防可能であり,この年齢層にとってその重要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- ワクチン学 ワクチン学
背景:
- 最近では,青少年および若年成人 (15〜24歳) の間で侵入性髄膜球菌疾患 (IMD) の発生率が増加しています.
- この特定の集団におけるIMDの傾向とリスク要因を特徴づける必要がある.
- 公共衛生の介入における疾患パターンの理解の重要性.
研究 の 目的:
- 1990年代,メリーランド州の青少年および若年成人の髄膜炎球菌感染症の特徴.
- 15~24歳のIMDの発生率,致死率,血清群分布を分析する.
- ワクチン接種によるこれらの感染症の潜在的な予防可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1990年1月1日から1999年12月31日までメリーランド州で実施された人口ベースの監視研究.
- 入会基準:侵入性髄膜炎球菌病と診断されたメリーランド州住民.
- 分析は,侵入性髄膜球菌感染症のアウトカムと特徴に焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- 15~24歳の男性における侵入性髄膜炎球菌病 (IMD) の症例は10万人に0.9から2.1に増加し,1990年代にピークに達した.
- この年齢層では,より若い子供 (4.6%) と比べて,死亡率が高い (22.5%) でした.
- 15歳から24歳の人の感染は男性,血清群Cの感染率が高く,82.8%がワクチンで予防できる可能性がある.
結論:
- メリーランド州の15歳から24歳の若者における髄膜炎球菌感染症の発生率は1990年代に上昇し,その後減少した.
- この集団では,症例死亡率が高く,IMDが若い成人の重症性を強調しています.
- この年齢層のIMD症例の大部分は,認可された髄膜炎球菌ワクチンで予防できた.
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