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01:14Erythropoiesis
Red blood cells (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:14Erythropoiesis
Red blood cells (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
01:22Lifecycle of Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups.
01:27Disorders of Erythrocytes
Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
01:24Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis
The cardiovascular system regulates the number of erythrocytes in the bloodstream to ensure optimal oxygen transport. It also prevents over-proliferation of these cells, which helps to maintain blood viscosity and flow rate.
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
Several factors influence the erythrocyte production rate, with tissue oxygen level being among the most critical. Intense exercise or high altitudes can cause tissue hypoxia, which triggers the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream.
EPO then...
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ランナーの貧血です.
1Ross Research Bldg, Room 1025, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. cvdang@jhmi.edu
JAMA
|August 10, 2001
まとめ
ランナーの貧血は,耐久力アスリートにおける軽度の貧血によって特徴付けられ,血量の膨張と赤血球の分解の結果である. この状態を認識することで,ランナーの疲労に対する不必要な診断手順を防ぐことができます.
科学分野:
- スポーツ医学 スポーツ医学
- 血液学 ヘマトロジ
背景:
- マクロサイト性貧血は疲労を伴い,栄養欠乏から骨髄分裂症候群までの差異診断を促します.
- 耐久力アスリートは貧血を呈することがあり,一般的な原因を超えて特定の病因を慎重に考慮する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 疲労と貧血を呈するアスリートにおけるランナー貧血の認識を強調する.
- ランナーの貧血を,長距離ランナーにおける貧血の他の原因と区別するために.
- 広範な医療作業を避けるために早期診断の重要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- 患者の病歴と症状を中心に臨床症例レビューを行う.
- ランナーにおける貧血に寄与する生理学的メカニズムの分析.
- ランナー貧血とマクロサイト性貧血の他の差分診断の比較.
主要な成果:
- ランナーの貧血は,血の体積の膨張と足の打たれによって引き起こされる血液溶解と関連しており,ヘモグロビンウリアにつながる.
- 胃腸の血流は,長距離ランナーにおける貧血の追加要因である可能性があります.
- 軽度の貧血は,献身的なランナーによってよく許容される場合,ランナーの貧血の考慮を保証します.
結論:
- ランナー貧血の早期発見は,疲労と貧血を経験しているアスリートにとって不可欠です.
- 徹底した患者の病歴は,ランナーの貧血を診断し,不要な検査を避けるための鍵です.
- ランナーの貧血は,軽度の,よく耐える貧血および関連する症状を持つ熱心なランナーに考慮する必要があります.