関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 10, 2026
10:56
Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
Published on: May 17, 2014
ヒストンコードの翻訳
1Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) at the Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohrgasse 7, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. jenuwein@nt.imp.univie.ac.at
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 11, 2001
まとめ
ヒストンの翻訳後の改変は",ヒストンコード"を作り,遺伝子の活性を調節し,細胞の発達に影響を与えます. このエピジェネティックシステムは,ほとんどのクロマチンテンプレートプロセスに影響を与え,細胞の運命や病気に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- クロマチンは,真核生物の遺伝情報のテンプレートとして機能します.
- ヒストンのアミノ端末は,翻訳後の修正を受けます.
- これらの改変は,DNAのアクセシビリティと遺伝子発現を調節する.
研究 の 目的:
- クロマチンの状態を調節するヒストンの改変の役割を調査する.
- A の概念を導入する.
- ヒストンのコード
- 遺伝情報を拡張するものです.
- 細胞プロセスにおけるこの表遺伝子マーキングシステムの重要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- ヒストンのアミノ端末変異の分析.
- タンパク質とクロマチンの相互作用の調査.
- クロマチンの状態の検査 (アクティブとサイレント).
主要な成果:
- 異なるヒストンの改変により,クロマチン関連タンパク質に対する様々な親和性が生まれます.
- これらの相互作用は,アクティブクロマチンとサイレントクロマチンの間の移行を促します.
- 結合ヒストンの改変は複雑な規制コードを形成する.
結論:
- "ヒストーンコード"は,根本的な表遺伝的規制メカニズムである.
- このシステムは,ほぼすべてのクロマチンのテンプレート化されたプロセスに影響を与えます.
- 細胞の運命を左右し,細胞の発達や病気に重大な影響を及ぼします.
関連する概念動画
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:33Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
01:31Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...
01:29Translation in Prokaryotes
Prokaryote translation is a complex, highly coordinated process that converts genetic information from mRNA into functional proteins. It involves three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each facilitated by specific molecular components.Initiation of TranslationThe process begins with the assembly of the ribosomal subunits and initiation factors on the mRNA. In bacteria, the 30S ribosomal subunit recognizes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA, a conserved region upstream of...